Post Colonization History Of Tanzania
In the year 1954, Oscar Kambona and Julius Nyerere changed the Tanganyika African association which was formed in the year 1929 into Tanganyika African national union. TANU was the winner in the general elections of the term 1958 to 1960, and as Tanganyika got independence on 9 December 1961, Nyerere was elected as the prime minister. |
In 1962 December, Tanganyika was declared republic and became the part of the Commonwealth of Nations. And, Nyerere became the president. On 26 April 1964 few period after the revolution by the left in Zanzibar, Zanzibar and Tanganyika were combined and Nyerere was elected as the president of this newly formed country. Abeid Amani Karume the leader of the government of Zanzibar and the leader of the afro Shirazi party was made the vice president.
In 1967 February, Nyerere declared the Arusha Declaration which was a policy that appealed socialism, egalitarianism and self reliance. Its promises were decentralized government and Ujamaa, which was a program to develop rural areas and it included the formation of cooperative farm villages. The plantations and the factories were nationalized and lots of money was invested in the health care sector and primary schools. Few of the promises were introduced to the public but it is not sure whether the power was decentralized.
TANU was the only political party in the mainland and it was under the control of Nyerere. In the beginning years of 1970s, Tanzania and Uganda had some tensions because Nyerere supported the Uganda president who was expelled. In the year 1973, an agreement was signed by Nyerere and the head of Uganda, Idi Amin, to end the conflicts.
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