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History Of Nigeria
By the year 2000 BC, almost all the parts of Nigeria were inhabited with people who knew the basics of growing food plants and herding animals. From the start of the 800 BC to 200 AD, the Jos plateau followed the Neolithic Nok culture. The people of the Nok culture made terra cotta sculptures and should have known about working with iron and tin. |
The Kanem-Bornu state is known to have formed in the 8th century AD which was located on the north of the Lake Chad. During the 11th century, the rulers converted to Islam, and Kanem-Bornu extended to the south of the Lake Chad and then to the area which we now call Nigeria. And, the capital was relocated to the south in the 15th century.
In the starting years of the 11th century, 7 Hausa city states which were independent were formed in Nigeria namely Daura, Biram, Gobir, Katsina, Zaira, Rano and Kano. The Katsina and Kano were in competition with Kanem-Bornu in the matters of lucrative trans Saharan trade.
In the starting years of the 16th century, Songhai was replaced with Kanem-Bornu in power in the north Nigeria, and the states of Hausa got back their autonomy. The states called Benin and Oyo belonging to southwest Nigeria were developed by the 14th century by the rulers who were originally from Ife. The leading state of the 15th century was Benin, but it started to diminish in the 17th century; and during the 18th century Yorubaland and Dahomey were under the control of Oyo.
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